In Franchthi Cave there is evidence of intermittent human occupation from 38000 years BC, during the Palaeolithic, Mesolithic and Neolithic periods.
It was last used in approximately 3000 BC, which would total about 35000 years of occupation.
Today, it is one of the best-studied stone age sites in southeastern Europe.
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The cave presents some of the earliest evidence of the existence of agriculture in Greece. Its first inhabitants would most likely be hunter-gatherers, with simultaneous remains from c. 11000 BCE. C. of fruits such as almonds, pistachios, carob beans and lentils. Wild oats and wild barley appear in contexts dating from 10500 BC. From 7300 BC, while from 7300 wild peas and pears appeared. None of these species are native, and two of them are native to Asia Minor, suggesting that the cultivation of legumes and nuts preceded the cultivation of cereals in Greece and even Asia Minor. The find could mean that this southern area of Argolis was the oldest known agricultural area in Greece. The obsidian elements found in the cave come from the quarries of the island of Milos, located 80 miles away by sea, which indicates that the capacity to execute these movements already existed at that time.
Likewise, and around 6000 BC. Evidence appears in the archaeological record in the cave of two species of wild wheat, such as spelt wheat and emmer wheat (Triticum dicoccum).